Martin Bartesch (October 16, 1926 — December 1989) was a member of the Prinz Eugen Division of the SS. From 1943 to 1944, he served as a guard at Mauthausen concentration camp. On October 23, 1943, he shot and killed Gottfried Ochshorn when Ochshorn attempted to escape.
Bartesch emigrated to the United States in 1955 and was granted citizenship in 1966. In May 1987, the U.S. Office of Special Investigations found a record stating that Bartesch had killed a prisoner while serving as a guard, which he had not mentioned on his immigration forms. Bartesch, then 61 years old and employed as a janitor in Chicago, was stripped of his U.S. citizenship and deported to Austria, on the grounds that he had lied by failing to disclose this information.
Austrian government officials allegedly received little notice that Bartesch was being deported, and claimed that the U.S had violated international law in doing so. Austrian authorities reportedly declared Bartesch "undesirable" and demanded that the United States take him back. When the U.S. Justice Department stated that Bartesch would not be allowed to return, Austrian Interior Minister Karl Blecha issued a warrant for Bartesch's arrest. Bartesch was released when it was found that the statute of limitations (which was in place due to his being a minor when the crime was committed) had expired.
An article in the January 19, 2007 edition of the New York Sun claimed that former President Jimmy Carter, in 1987, had forwarded a letter he had received from Bartesch's daughter to the OSI, adding a handwritten note that stated "I hope that, in cases like this, that special consideration can be given to affected families for humanitarian reasons."